Steam turbine



March 29, 1927.

. 1,622,805 vm PAPE,

STEAM TURBINE Filed Febflo, 192s Patented M... 29, 1921.

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Application m Febnlll'y 1o,19aa,-seriai m. 8,253, and in Germany February 8,1924.

This invention relates to steam-turbines with a pluralityof stages and consists essentially in improvements-for compensating the axial thrusts of the several turbine sec tions'. q

It is old to compensate the axial thrust-in reaction steam turbines by connecting two reaction drums so as to have the thrust exerted by the one drum counteract the thrust of the other. This arrangement has the dis advantage, that with the existing steam turbine models one is bound to a definite subdivision of the reaction stages. If the samemodel is used for a new construction, for instance for a greater gradient of pressure, a complete compensation of the axial thrusts can only be obtained when the pressure benumber of stages and with the same diameter,

which will reduce the efliciency of the turbine. 4

' In order to avoid this drawback, according to my'invention the plural stage steam turbine 'is constructed with at least two turbine sections, through which the steam passes in opposite direction, said sections contain-v will thus be possible to change the difl'erences of pressure of each reaction part of the turbine entirely as desired, by lengthening the reaction part'of the respective turbine section, at the same time shortening the even pressure-part, or vice versa by shortening the reaction part and lengthening the impulse part a pertainin thereto.

In t e examp e shown in Fig. 1 the two turbine sections in question are mounted in separate casm s aand b. The casmga contains impu se stages a and reaction stages d and the casing 72 oortains also. im-

pulse stages e and reaction-stages f. The

steam. passes through both casings .in opposite direction. If, for instance, a new construction shall be designed using the same casings a and b, and if the axial thrust shall be increased in the casing b, the reaction part f will be lengthened and therefore constructed with a greater number of stages and the impulse-part shortened and therefore constructed with a smaller number of stages.

Fig. 2'shows an arrangement which isespecially of advantage for turbines having a large out-put. According to my invention there is added'to the two casings a and b a third casing g, which'c'ontains three reaction parts It, i and k, which are so arranged that the steam streams parallelly through them, I and also in opposite directions.- The re-'- sultant axial shove of the parts h, i, la, is thereby entirely or partly neutralized by-the resultant shove of turbine parts a and b. 7

It will of course not be required that the reaction part be constructed as a drum, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing.

Iclaim: 1 1. A graded steamturbine, comprising a plurality. of turbine units which are posi tioned within separate casin the last of these units containing a num r of reaction turbine parts through all of which steam can stream partly in parallel and partly in opposite directions, whereby the resultant axial shove of said last unit counteracts the resultant axial shove of the preceding units.

2. A multiple stage turbine consisting of two turbine sections with counteracting axial thrusts, wherein the turbine sections have both impulse and reaction stages and are mounted in separate housings, as well as a third turbine section with three reaction turbines-in a separate housing, two of which are transversed with steam in op osite directions, while the axial thrust of t e third reaction turbine counteracts the axial pressure of the two first turbines.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature WILHELM PAPE. 

